Biogeochemical Cycle - Carbon and Nitrogen

Biology | Botany Notes
Biogeochemical Cycle (Carbon and Nitrogen) | Biota and Their Environment
Class: 11

Biogeochemical Cycle 

The elements which are required for the proper growth and development of living organisms enter into the composition of living organisms circulate more or less in cyclic manner from abiotic environment to living organisms and again back to the non living environment is called biogeochemical cycle  The flow involves not only living organisms but also a series of chemical reactions in the abiotic environment these cycles are called biogeochemical cycle.

Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen is essential constituent of many biologically significant molecules such as amino acids, proteins, enzymes chlorophylls, and nucleic acids etc. The main source of nitrogen is atmosphere where it is 78%. Green plants contain nitrogen from soil solution in the form of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite ions and the main source of all these nitrogen compounds is the atmospheric nitrogen. Nitrogen cycle consists of following steps 

Nitrogen fixation : Conservation of free atmospheric nitrogen into the biologically acceptable form or nitrogenous compounds is known as nitrogen fixation. It is of two types Non-biological nitrogen fixation is the process in which lightning or electrical discharges in the clouds and produce different nitrogen oxides. These nitrogen oxides dissolve in rainwater and mix with earth surface. Certain free-living bacteria in the soil and symbiotic bacteria present in the root nodules of leguminous carry out biological nitrogen fixation and cyanobacteria present in the soil. The free-living bacteria present in the soil are like Coccus fix atmospheric nitrogen. The bacteria, which are found in the root nodules of leguminous plants, are called symbiotic bacteria they also fix atmospheric nitrogen and supply to the host plant. Different types of cayanobacteria like Nostoc, Anabaena, Spiriluna are also present in the soil which contain certain nitrogen fixing cells in the filament like heterocyst. 

Nitrogen assimilation : The fixed nitrogen is utilized by green plants and stored in the plants in the

This content is Moved to our new site => http://www.merospark.com/hseb-notes/biogeochemical-cycle-carbon-and-nitrogen/

Read This Also:

• Family - Solanaceae | General Description in Semi-Technical Terms
• Forest Resources - Its Importance and Management
• Family: Cruciferae | General Description in Semi-Technical Terms
• Family - Liguminosae | General Description in Semi-Technical Terms

Don't forget to LIKE, SHARE and COMMENT. Please Join with us on Facebook and Google+ for Daily Notes or Subscribe for our Email Updates.