Sources and Effects of Air Pollution

Biology Notes
Sources and Effects of air pollution
Class : 11

The air pollution 

Any undesirable change in physical, chemical, and biological character of air, which affects the living organisms, is called air pollution

Sources and pollutants 

Automobiles: Automobiles are the major sources of air pollution. In Nepal, there are more than two lakes automobiles and 50% of them are confined in Kathmandu valley. In the world, there are more than 300 million automobiles.

The main pollutants emitted form are: CO2, CO, SO2, NOx, Hydro carbon compounds, aldehydes, acids, dusts, particulate matters, smoke, lead etc. In major cities 800 to 1000 tons pollutants per day produced from automobiles. 

Industries: Sugar, Paper, Leather, Iron, Steel, Brick, Cement, Carpet, Plastic, Dyes manufacturing industries are also major sources of air pollution. 

The pollutants emitted from industries are: CO, CO2, So2, NOx, Hydrocarbons acids, metals like Hg, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, smoke, dust etc. The Himal cement factory of Kathmandu produces about 5-6 tons dust per day. 

Domestic resources: Burning firewood, crop residues, burning gas, stove, oils etc are also source of air pollution. These are indoor pollution. 

The pollutants from domestic resources are: CO, CO2, So2, NOx, smoke, ashes etc. 

Nepalese woman daily 6-8 hours expose to fire, but it is estimated that 3 hrs exposures provide smoke equivalent to 20 packets of cigarettes. Tobacco smoking is another indoor pollution from where CO, CO2, So2, NOx, hydrocarbons, and smokes are produced. 

Effects of air pollution 

CO: It is most dangerous air pollutant. It reacts with hemoglobin 210 times faster than oxygen forming carbamino hemoglobin. It reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood causing disease called hypoxia. It reduces cellular respiration, mental activities, reduces leaf size, and destroys chlorophylls. 300 ppm of CO causes vomiting, 500 ppm causes coma and 1000 ppm causes death. 

This Content is Moved to our New site => http://www.merospark.com/hseb-notes/sources-and-effects-of-air-pollution/

Read This Also:

• 50+ Very Important Questions for HSEB Examination form Biodiversity
• Structural, Paleontological and Anatomical Evidences of Evolution
• Physiological and Biochemical Evidences of Evolution
• Family: Cruciferae | General Description in Semi-Technical Terms

Don't forget to LIKE, SHARE and COMMENT. Please Join with us on Facebook and Google+ for daily Notes or Subscribe for our Email Updates.