Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - Biology | Science Class 11

Biology Notes
Endoplasmic Reticulum 
For: Science Class 11

It is the network of tube like structures and sac like structures. It arises from nuclear membrane and extends up to cell membrane. The endoplasmic reticulum is formed by three structures.

Cisternae: They are long elongated flattened unbranched sac like structures lie parallel to each other.

Vesicles: They are minute spherical or oval sac like structures

Tubules: They are branched tube like structures they form net work with cisternae and vesicles. 

Function of Endoplasmic Reticulum

It provides mechanical support to the cell. Therefore, it is also known as cytoskeleton. It synthesizes proteins and hormones. It helps to transport ions, molecules and impulse or metabolites. It forms nuclear membrane. It also forms new cell membrane and components.

There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum	Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
It bears ribosomes on its surface  It is found near nuclear membrane  It is formed by nuclear membrane  In it mainly cisternae are found	It bears no ribosomes  It is found near cell membrane  It is formed by rough ER  In it mainly tubules are found

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