Lipid - Sources, Daily Requirement and Function | Biology Class 12

Notes | Zoology
Lipid - Sources, Daily Requirement and Function
Class: 12

Lipids are water insoluble organic compounds which dissolve in organic solvent like benzene, ether, chloroform etc. Lipid is a group of fat and fat like substances which are compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen buy not as in the ratio found in carbohydrate.

Lipids can be divided into simple lipid and compound lipid. Simple lipids are those which on splitting liberates fatty acid while compound lipid are those which remain combined with non lipid part as in phosphor lipid. The fundamentals unit of the lipid is fatty acid which can be of saturated or unsaturated. Saturated fatty acids are those which remain solid at room temperature while unsaturated fatty acid remains liquid at room temperature.

Sources

The principal sources of fat in our diet are cooking oil, butter, ghee, milk, meat, egg yolk, oil seeds, ground nut, cheese, coconut etc.

Daily Requirement

An adult person requires 45 gm of fat per day. About 10-15% of total calorie requirement to body should be available form fat. The growing children, pregnant woman and lactating mother require more amount of fat. The shortage of fat in daily diet causes dry and rough skin but excess intake of fat may causes heart related problems.

Functions

1. It acts as an alternative source of energy.
2. It is most common reserved food stored beneath to skin in adipose tissue.
3. The fat stored underneath to skin acts as heat insulator and maintains body temperature.
4. It acts as solvent for fat soluble vitamins like A, D, E and K.
5. It serves as cushion and absorbs mechanical shocks.
6. It constitutes cell structure.

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