Marchantia - General Description of Structure and Reproduction Process | Biology Class 11

Botany | Biology

Marchantia : General Description of Structure and Reproduction Process

Class: 11

Marchantia 

It is one of the important species of Liverworts. It is widely distributed, commonly found in moist and shady places. There are about 65 species of marchantia. In Nepal there are three species found Marchantia palmate, M. nepalensis, M. polymorpha.

Gametophyte 

External Structure 

• The plant body is thalloid. The thallus is dorsoventrally flattened, prostrate, and dichotomously branched. 
• On the dorsal surface there is dark green colored mid rib. 
• The mid rib bears gamma cup for asexual reproduction 
• The ventral surface consists of unicellular, tubular, colorless structures called rhizoids and multicellular plate like violet in colour structures are present called scales. 
• The rhizoids absorb water. They are of two types 

1. Smooth rhizoids which are thin walled. 
2. Tuberculate rhizoids which are thick walled 

• The scales protect from the injuries to the thallus and transport water. The scales are simple and complex. 
• At the apex of the thallus there is apical notch. 
• The male and female plants are found separately i.e. dioecuious. 
• In male plant male sex organs, Antheridia are produced and in Female plant female sex organs, archegonia are produced. 

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